شلل بل

Definition

Bell’s palsy is sudden unilateral paralysis of the facial (seventh) nerve, usually from viral inflammation.

Symptoms

• Weakness of the whole half-face, including the forehead
• Inability to close the eye or raise the eyebrow
• Drooping mouth and drooling
• Taste change, sound sensitivity and pain behind the ear

Distinguishing from stroke

Stroke usually spares the forehead and often involves limbs or speech. Any doubt needs urgent assessment.

Treatment

• Steroids (prednisolone) within 72 hours improve recovery
• Sometimes an antiviral with steroids in severe cases

Nursing care

• Eye protection: lubricating drops and ointment, glasses, taping the lid at night
• Eat on the unaffected side; oral care
• Emotional support, as facial change is distressing

Exam point

Most recover within weeks to months; the key preventable complication is corneal ulceration.